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APES ~ A.P. Environmental Science
APES ~ A.P. Environmental Science
A true conservationist is a person who knows that the world is not given
by their parents but borrowed from their children.
-- adapted from The Audubon Society
APES (A.P. Environmental Science) Enrichment Links
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION
- Chief Seattle's speech of 1854
- Dictionary of Acronyms (very helpful in this course)
- Environmental Yellow Pages online
- EPA's Envirornmental Terms
- EPA List of Legislation
- Glossary of Ecology
- NASA Earth Observatory
- NGO Cafe
- Science News magazine
- U.S. Code – search for laws
- Environmental Cartoons
- State Electricity Profiles
ORGANIZATIONS
- CEC: Commission for Environmental Cooperation
- Center for Biological Diversity
- Conservation International
- Coral Reef Aliance
- Earth 911
- Earth Institute at Columbia University
- Earth Justice: “Because Earth needs a good lawyer
- EnviroLink Network
- Environmental Defense Fund
- Environmental Working Group
- Greenpeace USA
- International Rivers
- League of Conservation Voters
- National Audubon Society
- National Wildlife Federation
- Natural Resources Defense Council
- Nature Conservancy
- Ocean Conservation Society
- Rainforest Action Network
- Save the Manatee Club
- Sierra Club
- Society for Ecological Restoration International
- Union of Concerned Scientists
- Whooping Crane Conservation Association
- Wild Aid
- Wilderness Society
- Wildlife Alliance
- Wildlife Conservation Society
- World Environmental Organization
- World Resources Institute
- World Wildlife Fund
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL STATE
GENERAL ENERGY
- Laws of Thermodynamics
- What is Thermodynamics?
- Energy Information Administration
- Energy Unit Conversions
- Energy Resources
ECOSYSTEMS AND INTERACTIONS
GENERAL
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
- Matter Cycles
- Hydrological (Water) Cycle
- Phosphate information
- Phosphorus Cycle
- Earth Observatory: Carbon Cycle (NASA)
- Carbon Cycle
- Nitrogen Cycle
- more on Nitrogen Cycle
- Sulfur Cycle
EVOLUTION
- Evolution 101
- PBS Evolutionary Library
- Complete Works of Charles Darwin Online
- Darwin's finches
- History of Evolutionary Thought, pre-1800s – links
- History of Evolutionary Thought,1800s – links
- History of Evolutionary Thought,1900-present – links
- Friends of Galapagos New Zealand (FOGNZ)
EXTINCTION
- DinoBuzz: What Killed the Dinosaurs?
- "The Current Mass Extinction" with dozens of links
- Five Past Major Mass Extinctions
- AZE - Alliance for Zero Extinction
POPULATION GROWTH AND RELATED ISSUES
GLOBAL ISSUES AND STATS
- World-O-Meter: World Stats in Real Time
- World Population Clock
- U.S. Population Clock
- Population Pyramids
- Global population pyramids - animation
- About Population Pyramids
- Nation Master - various stats on countries
- Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP)
- HIPC - Heavily Indebted Poor Country initiative
- Human Mortality Database
- Global Debt per capita
U.S. ISSUES AND STATS
U.N. AND RELATED INFO.
- UNFPA : U.N. Population Fund
- The World Bank
- OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
- Human Development Reports
- IFC: International Finance Corporation
WATER
WATER POLLUTION & PREVENTION
GENERAL
- Southwest Florida Management District
- EPA Water Web Site
- SWCS (Soil and Water Conservation Society)
- The Groundwater Foundation
- General info on turbidity
- “Swifmud” (SWFMD: Southwest Florida Management District)
- FL Dept. of Environmental Protection - water policy
WATER CYCLE
- Water Cycle, Greenhouse Effect, and Climate Change
- Water Cycle
- NASA Precipitation Education – Water Cycle
AQUIFERS
DAMS
- International Rivers Network - The World Commission on Dams
- USSD: United States Society on Dams
- Building Big: All About Dams
- World’s Largest Dams
LEGISLATION
INTERNATIONAL
DESALINATION
SINKHOLES
ESTUARIES
HYPOXIA
WATER TREATMENT AND WATER QUALITY
- Drinking Water Treatment Methods
- Water Quality Parameters from Kentucky Water Watch
- Current National Recommended Water Quality Criteria
- EPA's Water Quality Data
- USGS Water Quality Information By Topic
WATER POLLUTION
- Introduction to Freshwater Pollution, with links
- EPA: Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMP)
- Flint Water Crisis Timeline
PHYTOPLANKTON
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
- EPA Wastewater Management
- FL Dept. of Environmental Protection - Domestic Wastewater Wetlands Definitions
- Wastewater Treatment Process
- National Onsite Wastewater Recycling Association (NOWRA)
ARTIFICIAL WETLANDS
SOIL / AGRICULTURE
SOIL STRUCTURE
LEGISLATION AND GOVERNMENT
- U.S. National Resource Conservation Service
- BLM: Bureau of Land Management
- USDA Farm Service Agency
- Food Security Act of 1985
- WHIP: Wildlife Habitat Incentives Program
- EQUIP: Environmental Quality Incentives Program
- UNCCD—United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
- U.N. Food & Agriculture Organization (FAO)
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
- Sustainable Agriculture (SA) Research and Education
- National Campaign for SA
- AFSIC Sustainable Agriculture Info.
- Sustainable Agriculture Virtual Library
FOOD PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION
GENERAL FOOD
BIOENGINEERED / GENETICALLY MODIFIED (GM) FOODS / GMO
IRRADIATED FOOD
WILDLIFE CONSERVATION, BIODIVERSITY
GENERAL BIODIVERSITY
- Tree of Life Web Project
- NatureServe: Connecting Science with Conservation
- BCNet: Biodiversity Conservation Network
- Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
INVASIVE SPECIES
- National Invasive Species Information Center
- Invasive and Exotic Species of North America
- Invasive Plants
PLANTS
- About Forest Diversity
- Vegetable cultivar descriptions for North America
- Medical Botany Library
- Medicinal Plants
WATER, AQUACULTURE
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES
- Endangered Species Act
- Endangered Species Program
- Endangered Species, with links and ringtones!
- 2006 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) "Red List" of Threatened Species
LEGISLATION
- Lacey Act Overview
- Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973
- CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)
- Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) of 1972
- analysis of the MMPA of 1972
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES AND RELATED INFO
- National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- National Marine Fisheries Service - protected resources program
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
U.N.
- U.N. 2002 World Summit on Biodiversity
- The Convention on Biodiversity
- GBIF: Global Biodiversity Information Facility
ECOSYSTEM CAPITAL: USE, RESOURCES
BIOMES
GENERAL
FORESTS - CONIFEROUS AND DECIDUOUS
- Global Forestry Resources Assessment
- Clear Cutting
- Coppice Methods of Regeneration
- Shelterwood Method
- Institute for Sustainable Forestry
- Sustainable Forestry Initiative
- Forest Stewardship Council
RAINFORESTS
FISHERIES AND RELATED LEGISLATION
- American Fisheries Society
- National Marine Fisheries Service
- FAO Fisheries Department
- NOAA Fisheries' Status
WHALING
CORAL REEFS
- NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
- Hawaii Coral Reef Network
- Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Program (COREMAP)
MANGROVES
ECOSYSTEM CAPITAL
RESTORATION
- Restoration Ecology Links page
- Center for Urban Restoration
- Society for Ecological Restoration
- CERP: Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan
- EPA (archive): Wetlend Bioassessments in the Florida Everglades
NATIONAL PARKS, WILDLIFE REFUGES, AND FORESTS
- National Park Service
- FWS: America's National Wildlife Refuge System
- Wilderness Information Network
- National Forest Foundation
- Wilderness Society: Conserving Roadless Areas
- Roadless Area Conservation and national forest maps by state
WILDFIRES
FOSSIL FUELS
GENERAL
- Encyclopedia of Energy - Energy Timeline
- Institute for Energy Research
- U.S. Department of Energy Fossil Fuels Page
COAL
- GeoHive - Proved Global Coal Reserves
- GeoHive - Global Coal Production
- GeoHive - Global Coal Consumption
- Coal Utilization Research Council
- U.S. Department of Energy Coal Page
PETROLEUM OIL
- Crude Oil Prices - Graphs and Analysis
- U.S. DOE Oil Page
- OPEC Home Page
- Oil shale
- Keystone Pipeline XL
NATURAL GAS
ELECTRICAL POWER
- EIA Electricity overview
- U.S. Power Grid Map
- CCPP: Combined Cycle Power Plants
- U.S. DOE - Electric Power
FRACKING (HYDRAULIC FRACTURING)
CHP - COMBINED HEAT AND POWER (COGENERATION)
- U.S. DOE: Cogeneration (CHP - Combined heat and power)
- Combined Heat and Power basics
- MIT's Cogeneration Plant
HUBBERT'S CURVE
NUCLEAR ENERGY
GENERAL
- U.S. DOE Nuclear Energy Page
- Basic Types of Radiation
- EPA Radiation Protection
- Radiation Risk - units and dosage
- Radioactivity
- Deuterium
- "Heavy" Water
- Tritium
FISSION
- Nuclear Chemistry: Uranium Enrichment
- Nuclear Fission animation
- U-235 Fission
- 10-page Fission Overview
FUSION
- U.S. DOE Fusion Page
- Fusion and d-t Fusion
- FusEd Web Site
- ITER: International Thermonuclear Explosion (fusion) Reactor
YUCCA MOUNTAIN
CHERNOBYL
FUKUSHIMA
THREE MILE ISLAND
- Three Mile Island Virtual Museum and Resource Center
- Three Mile Island Map
- Three Mile Island facts
- Three Mile Island Alert - 25 years after...
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
GENERAL
- Energy Star Program
- Green Lights Program
- U.S. Global Change Research Program
- Bureau of Reclamation
- EIA: Renewable and Alternative Fuels
CARS
HYDROGEN-POWERED
- U.S. DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cell page with links
- Hydrogen-Powered Cars
- Where to fill up your hydrogen-powered car: H2 stations
- U.S. DOE Hydrogen Energy Page
- How Fuel Cells Work
NATURAL GAS-POWERED
VEGETABLE OIL-POWERED
SOLAR ENERGY
- U.S. DOE Solar Energy Page
- Passive Solar Home Design
- ASES: American Solar Energy Society
- NREL: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- SEPA: Solar Electric Power Assocation
- Phovoltaic cells - basics
- MSRI: Million Solar Roofs Initiative
- Solar Design Associates: Impact 2000 House and more
- Solar Power Towers
- Solar PACES
WIND ENERGY
- U.S. DOE Wind Energy Page
- State Wind Activities
- AWEA: Americen Wind Energy Association
- WinTec Wind Energy
- Spearville Wind Farm pictures
BIOMASS ENERGY (BIOENERGY)
GENERAL
BIOGAS
ETHANOL
BIODIESEL
WOOD
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
- U.S. DOE Geothermal Energy Page
- GEO – Geothermal Education Office
- Geothermal Power
- Choosing and Installing Geothermal Heat Pumps
TIDAL ENERGY
- Hydropower Explained
- Tidal Power with animation
- Tidal Electric, Inc.
- Hydropower Research
- OTEC – Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS AND HUMAN HEALTH
GENERAL, CDC
- Score Card: The Pollution Information Site, with searches
- CDC: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Homepage
- CDC: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
- Environmental Chemistry
GLOBAL
- General Global Public Health Issues
- Global Public Health Intelligence Network (GPHIN)
- WHO: World Health Organization
- Past WHO World Health reports
- UNFCCC Special Climate Change Fund
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology Virtual Library
- CDC: Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases
- WHO: Tropical Diseases, with links
ASBESTOS ISSUES
LIFE EXPECTANCY
HAZARDS
- CDC NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (NPG)
- Chemical Hazards: Scorecard.org list of known carcinogens
- Chemical Hazards: Scorecard.org list of suspected carcinogens
RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK MANAGEMENT
CIGARETTE SMOKING
- Effects of smoking on young people
- American Lung Association: Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke
- American Cancer Society: Carcinogens in Cigarette Smoke
- MedicinePlus links
- CDC: smoking and tobacco use links
E-CIGARETTE SMOKING (VAPING)
- U.S. Surgeon General - Vaping Facts
- CDC Quick Facts
- Stanford: Risk of Vaping
- 5 Vaping Facts You Need To Know
LEGISLATION
PESTS AND PEST CONTROL
GENERAL
- Gallery of Household Pests, Insects, Birds, Animals, Rodents
- Pest Control Portal
- Pest Control - with links to all types
- Forest Pests
- EPA: Pesticides
- Pesticide Human Health Effects
- National Pest Management Association
- Classes of Herbicides
- Classes of Insecticides
- Classes of Fungicides
- USDA PDP: Pesticide Data Program
BIOTECHNOLOGY
- ANBP: Association of Natural Biocontrol Producers
- EPA Regulation of Biotechnology
- Transgenic Crops
- Genetically modified foods
- Purdue Iniversity: GMOs
ORGANIC FOODS
- National Organic Program
- MOFGA: Maine Organic Farmers and Growers Association
- NOSB: National Organic Standards Board
IPM
- EPA: IPM & Food Production
- FAO Integrated Pest Management
- IPM: substances used
- Plants That Repel Pests
- Companion Planting
RACHEL CARSON - SILENT SPRING
- Rachel Carson's Life and Legacy
- Rachel Carson Institute
- Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge
- The Story of SIlent Spring
LEGISLATION AND RELATED TOPICS
- FIFRA: Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
- FQPA – Food Quality Protection Act
- Rotterdam Convention - PIC
DDT
FLORIDA
- EPPC: Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council
- Invasive Insects in Florida
- Florida Pest Management Association
- Florida Mosquito Control Association
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE: DISPOSAL AND RECOVERY
MSW
- MSW Learning Tool – notes and PowerPoint presentations
- EPA's MSW Facts
- Paper Source Reduction tips
- Non-Paper Source Reduction tips
- EPA’s Extended Product Responsibility site
- ReDO: Reuse Development Organization
LANDFILLS
GENERAL INFO & ISSUES
- Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management
- Wisconsin ’s Landfill Siting Process - a model
- Landfill Design, Leachate Treatment and Disposal
- Landfills: Lessons and PowerPoints
- Waste Disposal
- EPA Compliance and Enforcement site map
METHANE EMISSIONS
- EPA's Landfill Methane Outreach Program (LMOP)
- Florida Bioreactor Demonstration Project
- Decreasing methane emission from landfills: progress reports and photo gallery
WTE
RECYCLING
GENERAL
- Recycling codes
- NRC - National Recycling Coalition
- CRI: Container Recycling Institute
- Pinellas County Utilities - recycling
- Pinellas County Recycling Directory
PLASTICS
- EPA plastic recycling info
- Biodegradable plastics info
- Recycled Plastics Product Directory
- Plastics Recycling in Four Simple Steps
PAPER
GLASS
RUBBER
METAL
COMPOSTING
INTEGRATED WASTE MANAGEMENT
LEGISLATION
- Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976
- Superfund Act (CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980) overview
- Solid Waste Disposal general legislation overview
HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS: POLLUTION AND PREVENTION
GENERAL
- Score Card: The Pollution Information Site, with searches
- Glossary of Toxic Substance terms
- NTP: National Toxicology Program
- SETAC: The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
- Classification of Hazardous Materials, with Placards
- What is TRI?
- Superfund Glossary of Terms
- Groundwater Remediation Technologies Analysis Center
- Brownfields - Cleanup and Redevelopment
- CERCLIS Database - search anywhere for sites
- EPA: Environmental Justice
- Basel Convention
IRIS: INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM
MISC. CHEMICALS
- Dioxin
- Definitions of Toxics Release Inventory Reporting Categories
- TRI (Toxics Release Inventory)
- Title III Chemical Lists
- OSHA Home Page
- OSHA Carcinogens
- Toxic Metals
- MSDS HyperGlossary
POPs: PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS
DISPOSAL
- Deep-Well Injection
- EPA Classes of Injection Wells
- Orphan Site Info
- Bioremediation
- Phytoremediation
- EPA Office of Underground Storage Tanks
LEGISLATION
- Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970
- Clean Water Act (CWA) of 1972
- Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) of 1974
- Superfund Act (CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980)
- Superfund Info
- Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976
- Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments of 1984
- SARA Title III
- Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of 1976
- Pollution Prevention Act of 1990
PREVENTION
GREEN PRODUCTS
- What makes a product "green"?
- Green Products Alliance
- Green People
- Green Product Guide
- Greener Choices
- Treehugger
- Green Vehicle Guide
THE ATMOSPHERE: CLIMATE, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND OZONE DEPLETION
GREENHOUSE GASES / GREENHOUSE EFFECT
- NCDC (National Climatic Data Center) Greenhouse Gas Page
- World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
- CFC's: Chlorofluorocarbons and alternatives
- Greenhouse Gas (EPA): carbon dioxide
- EPA - Greenhouse gas: methane
- Greenhouse Gas (EPA): nitrous oxide
- Greenhouse Gas: carbon tetrachloride
- Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation
- EPA's High Global Warming Potential (GWMP) Gases
- Chemical Kinetics in the Atmosphere
- Air Pollution, Greenhouse Gases and Climate Forcings
OZONE
- Ozone Formation
- Relationship of Ozone Depletion to the Greenhouse Effect
- CFCs and HFCs
- Hydrofluorocarbons
WEATHER, CLIMATE, EARTH'S CLIMATE HISTORY
- The Air in Earth's Atmosphere
- Layers of the Atmosphere
- Jet Stream Maps
- PALEOMAP – climates throughout Earth history
- Ice Ages
- Monsoons
- Global Climate Modeling
- MIT Center for Global Change Science
- Climate Article
- U.S National Assesment of Climate Change
- U.S. Global Change Research Program
CLIMATE CHANGE / GLOBAL WARMING
- EPA - Climate Change homepage, with links
- EPA - Climate Change: Greenhouse Gas Emissions
- EPA - Climate Change: Health and Environmental Effects
- U.S. Global Change Research Program
- Kyoto Protocol
- Climate Challenge Game
- A Guide to Global Warming with links
MERCURY DEPOSITION
LEGISLATION ETC.
OCEANOGRAPHY
- How the oceans influence climate
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
- Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
- Oceans and Ocean-Atmosphere Coupling
PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE
- SEHN: Science and Environmental Health Network
- Rio Declaration on Environment and Development
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC)
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION
- Score Card: The Pollution Information Site, with searches
- Criteria Air Pollutants
- 188 Hazardous Air Pollutants
- Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
- MACT Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT)
- IETA: International Emissions Trading Association
- Smog Photochemistry
ACID DEPOSITION
LEGISLATION
DEEPWATER HORIZON (DWH) OIL SPILL
and other environmental disasters
DEEPWATER HORIZON OIL SPILL
ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS
- EnviroLink: Environmental Disasters
- Seven Biggest Environmental Disasters – Where are they now?
- Top 10 Environmental Disasters (as of 2006)
BIOLOGY REVIEW
CELLS
GENETICS
EARTH SCIENCE / GEOLOGY REVIEW